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Asynchronicity in Programming Languages Computers are asynchronous by design. Asynchronous means that things can happen independently of the main program flow. In the current consumer computers, every program runs for a specific time slot and then it stops its execution to let another program continue their execution. This thing runs in a cycle so fast that it's impossible to notice. We think our computers run many programs simultaneously, but this is an illusion (except on multiprocessor machines). Programs internally use  interrupts , a signal that's emitted to the processor to gain the attention of the system. I won't go into the internals of this, but just keep in mind that it's normal for programs to be asynchronous and halt their execution until they need attention, allowing the computer to execute other things in the meantime. When a program is waiting for a response from the network, it cannot halt the processor until the request finishes. Normally, programming ...

Bash Proficiency In Under 15 Minutes Bash Proficiency In Under 15 Minutes Cheat sheet and in-depth explanations located below main article contents… The UNIX shell program interprets user commands, which are… Bash Proficiency In Under 15 Minutes Cheat sheet and in-depth explanations located below main article contents… The UNIX shell program interprets user commands, which are either directly entered by the user, or which can be read from a file called the shell script or shell program. Shell scripts are interpreted, not compiled. The shell reads commands from the script line per line and searches for those commands on the system while a compiler converts a program into machine readable form, an executable file. LIFE SAVING PROTIP: A nice thing to do is to add on the first line #!/bin/bash -x I will go deeper into the explanations behind some of these examples at the bottom of this article. Here’s some previous articles I’ve written for more advanced users. Bash Commands That Sa...